| Class of initial consonant in syllable | Class 1 ("mid") กจฎฏดตบปอ (unaspirated stops) | Class 2 ("high") ขฃฉฐถผ ฝศษสห (aspirated stops and unvoiced fricatives) | Class 3 ("low") คฅฆงชซฌญ ฑฒณทธนพฟ ภมยรฤลฦวฬฮ (sonorants, aspirated stops, and unvoiced fricatives) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No tone mark | Live syllable (long vowel at end or any vowel + sonorant) Examples: มา, คน | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| Dead syllable (short vowel at end or any vowel + non-sonorant) Examples: และ, บอก | Low | Falling/High (for long/short vowel) | ||
| Tone mark | อ่ (ไม้เอก) | Low | Falling | |
| อ้ (ไม้โท) | Falling | High | ||
| อ๊ (ไม้ตรี) | High | |||
| อ๋ (ไม้จัตวา) | Rising | |||